Waverly Bird Motivation(Human Behavior) - 771 Words

Questions: 1.Discuss the nature of Bird’s motivation in building pianos. What are his drives and needs? Would a behavior modification program affect his motivation? Why or why not? The situation in the case exhibits most of the content theories of motivation. The models and their connection to the motivation of Mr. Waverly Bird will be discussed in further details: * Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs- This model is often better explained with an illustration of a pyramid having different levels together with the two principles known as Deficit and Progressive Principle. Basing on the details of the case, Bird’s motivation did not come from physiological, security, social nor esteem needs. We can then deduce that he has already†¦show more content†¦* Alderfer’s E-R-G Model- Unlike Maslow’s theory, the ERG theory demonstrates that more than one need may motivate an individual at the same time (Conflict with the Deficit and Progressive Principle). But in the case of Bird, the need that was significantly highlighted was the Growth needs. Growth needs include self-esteem and self actualization (Both found in Maslow’s theory). 2. How could a manufacturer of pianos build the motivation bird have now into its employees? Using one or a combination of different motivation models, a piano manufacturer can build motivation to its employees just like what Bird has. An employee cannot reach his full potential when on the first place he is struggling to fulfill the basic things one needs for him or her to survive. If the physiological and other needs (aside from self actualization) of employees are not met, then by default, their body, mind and will power will not result as desired especially with a work environment that needs complete functioning. In short, an unsatisfied employee can be equated with underperformance. Because of that, managers can gradually fill up the gaps through giving the right compensation and rewards for the work done by their employees. Although there are a lot of cases where people are motivated with diverse needs due to cultural differences, it is still a

Notes On Paper On Nursing - 1615 Words

Notes on Nursing Halie Cartner, Shanitra McNealy, Ashlee Homer, Sharee Walker Queens University of Charlotte Notes on Nursing Florence Nightingale was the founder of modern nursing (Smith Parker, 2015). She was born in Italy, France and spent majority of her childhood years traveling the European countries with her family. Nightingales was open-minded, generous, and valued the life of others (Smith Parker, 2015). She was a woman of strong faith who studied a variety of religions in search of the truth (Smith Parker, 2015). It was her belief that helping the poor and sick was serving God’s purpose (Smith Parker, 2015). Eventually, Nightingale concluded that nursing was her calling (Smith Parker, 2015). After†¦show more content†¦Speak slow when talking to patients and never whisper. Assist patients with repositioning and environment control, as no-one can heal if they remain in the same place. Always provide education and ask questions, avoid leading questions such as â€Å"are you doing better† or â€Å"did you sleep good last night† (Nightingale, 2007). Offer food, f ood should be helpful for the sick and available based on the individual’s preference, as well as their needs. Critique The notes provided in the book are important; they can be used as a foundation when providing care and be very beneficial for healing. In fact, some form of many of Florence Nightingale’s ideas are currently being used in practice. However, many of the ideas mentioned could be difficult to implement for a nurse with multiple patients. For instance, Florence Nightingale says a good nurse ensures that nothing squeaks, cracks, or makes a sound and that a person asleep should not be woken (Nightingale, 2007). In the hospital setting, it is good to cluster care together to allow the patient to rest, but that is almost impossible. 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Personality Analysis Free Essays

Personality Analysis Shannon C. Chavez PSY/405 March 5, 2013 Dr. Barry Brooks Personality Analysis This paper will include personality analysis between the learning theory and the humanistic and existential theories. We will write a custom essay sample on Personality Analysis or any similar topic only for you Order Now The learning theory is referred to as the process by which all individuals learn and how they acquire a change or potential change in behavior (Feist Feist, 2000). The learning theories involved are Skinner’s behavioral analysis, Bandura’s social cognitive theory, and Rotter and Mischel’s cognitive social learning theory. The humanistic approach is focused on the individuals potential and stresses the importance of self-actualization and the belief that people are innately good. Humanistic psychology assumes that mental and social problems are a direct result of one’s natural tendencies (Cherry, 2013). Existentialism stresses the importance of free will, freedom of choice by each individual, and the responsibility one takes on his or her own life. This theory emphasizes the responsibility each person takes on the choices they make and what they make of themselves (Cherry, 2013). Combining these theories with the knowledge they possess outlines the basics of human nature and personality as it develops by the environment, particularly within the social aspect while accommodating the powerful affects of one’s own internal ideas. Affects on Situational Behavior According to learning theory, individuals behave according to their environmental, cognitive, and behavioral conditions. In Bandura’s social cognitive theory, he argues that people can learn new information and behaviors by watching what others do. This type of learning known as observational learning is explained in most behaviors (Cherry, 2013). In the behaviorist learning theory, learning takes place by trial and error, with individuals trying different types of behaviors until they engage in one that is reinforcing. Learning theory states individuals apply previously learned material as a means to find familiar reward values in similar situations (Feist Feist, 2009). Behaviors produced within new situations allow the individual to review similar experiences to determine the best course of action and will then choose the one with a similar outcome. In some learning theories, the learner may become passive, thus responding to environmental stimulus. Cognitive learning theory assumes all people are logical beings whose behavior is determined by choices that make the most sense to them (Fritscher, 2011). Rotter believed humans interact with their environments through reinforcement. He assumed people’s situational behavior is a combination of their expectations of reinforcement and the amount of influence their needs demand in any given situation. His predictions of human behavior stem from one’s expectancy, reinforcement value, behavior potential and psychological situation (Feist and Feist, 2009). Mischel’s personality theory suggests that an individual’s cognitive activities and situations play a vital role in behavior determination. Although he acknowledged this stability, he explained the environment has a powerful influence on behavior. Other’s theories suggest people are motivated by particular drives and traits that would make a person’s behavior consistent (Feist and Feist, 2009). Humanistic approach from Roger’s person-centered theory believes learning is implemented as an act to fulfill one’s fullest potential. The actions of individuals in situational behavior are derived from their potential from which an individual is capable. In humanistic theory, people have cognitive needs by which they respond to certain situations. Within a supportive environment, individuals learn and react appropriately in any situation based on what they have learned previously (Feist and Feist, 2009). According to a humanist approach, responses to a specific situation are directly regarded towards personal growth fulfillment of current needs and satisfaction (McLeod, 2007). The individual will always respond in a way that will ultimately fulfill current needs. Personality Characteristic of Theories The learning theories suggest that personality is a combination of learned inclinations that continue throughout one’s life. Learning theories are believed to have present awareness, which guides the development of personality according to how individuals anticipate specific events, thus ll human behavior is influenced by anticipation (Feist Feist, 2009). Skinner believed that human behavior was shaped by three forces: natural selection, cultural practices, and an individual’s history of reinforcements. Ultimately, Skinner believed that one’s geographical environment and personal physical strength helped shape humans personality in general, however, the environment would be vital in the uniqueness of each individual’s personality (Feist and Feist, 2009). Skinner defined personality as â€Å"at best a repertoire of behavior imparted by an organized set of contingencies† (2009, p. 72). Bandura described the act of human nature as â€Å"self-regulating, proactive, self-reflective, and self-organizing† (2009, p. 486). He recognized that observational learning allows individuals to learn without performing the behavior. Rotter believed an individual’s personal history and experiences was more powerful in shaping their personalities and goals, but emphasized the similarities in everyone, whereas Mischel considered an individual’s differences and variations in behavior as more significant. He believed human behavior, through the cognitive-active personality system, adapts to the interaction of â€Å"stable personality traits and the situation, which includes a number of personal variables† (2009, p. 546). Kelly’s theory explains the idea that all people anticipate events by the meanings placed on those events and believes these constructs of the world are how an individual’s behavior is shaped. People see the world in their own way and believe that every construction is open to revision (Feist and Feist, 2009). Skinner’s learning theories have been criticized for neither accommodating â€Å"individual differences, intelligence, genetic factors, nor the whole realm of personality† (2009, p. 472). Humanistic psychology believes in the natural drive toward personal development, and the idea that people make decisions regardless of environmental factors. Free will is one of the most important factors in the development of one’s personality, and the drive toward self-actualization is a powerful motivation for the creation of one’s personality (Feist and Feist, 2009). According to the idea behind humanism, people make their own choices and are actively involved in the creation of their personalities. Rollo May theory includes three relationships that form the basis for personality: one’s relationship with the environment, with others, and with oneself. The influence of all three relationships helps create and contributes to the personality’s ongoing reconstruction (Feist ; Feist, 2009). Maslow believed that biological components provided the basic parameter for the individual; however, environmental and cultural affects shaped the ego identity or personality (Feist ; Feist, 2009). Explanation of Interpersonal Relations The humanist/existential perspective assumed people associated with others to engage in productive and healthy relationships, although ultimately, they may be alone. Maslow believed in fulfilling love and belongingness first and fulfilling this was a primal need filled by friendship, family, having a mate, and ultimately maintaining associations with others. He proposed fulfillment at this level was essential for other levels of human success, through his hierarchy of needs (Feist ; Feist, 2009). Rogers believed growing up in a loving environment, having a caregiver who had positive regards, fostered positive self-regard, which in turn promotes psychological growth. Positive experiences from others are also essential for an individual’s development in mental health, thus success towards self-actualization (Cherry, 2013). May’s existentialism proposed that even though people associate with others, forming healthy relationships, they would ultimately choose who and what they will become. The basic idea of humanism and existentialism views interpersonal relationships as an integral part of human life. Humanism views interpersonal relationships as an important factor in the development of personality. Maslow believed once an individual’s fulfillment of interpersonal relationships was completed, they will have more confidence and esteem in social situations and will experience the reciprocity of love from those of importance to them (Feist and Feist, 2009). From a learning perspective, people tend to associate with others because they receive some type of reward for doing so. Humans originally formed groups within their families to use as protection from enemy tribes and animals. This happens today when people form associations with those of the same interest group and are reinforced for the particular behaviors of that group. Even when not reinforced, people will continue to maintain close associations because of personal connections within the group from which they receive reinforcement (Feist Feist, 2009). Social constructivism is defined as the knowledge, behavior, and personality constructed from social interactions and people build new ideas and concepts that are based on current and past knowledge or experience (Feist Feist, 2009). Bandura believed people learn from their experiences, although much of human learning is taken from the observation of others. Rotter believed human behavior is â€Å"best predicted from an understanding of the interaction of people with their meaningful environments† (2009, p. 510). Mischel also believed that an essential component of one’s personality development was dependent on observations of others within the environment. Mischel and Rotter stressed the importance of learning within a social context, but Mischel continued to maintain his belief in the importance of genetic factors in the development of personality. Kelly believed social influences were much more significant in determining one’s personality than biological ones. He believed humans are influenced by each other and in constructing their own personality, involving other influences from the environment (Feist and Feist, 2009). Kelly stated â€Å"the actions of others do not mold their behavior; rather, it is their interpretation of events that changes their behavior† (2009, p. 572). Conclusion Learning theories define learning and its resulting behavior and personality as a response to the environment in which its consumed including biological considerations, whereas humanistic theory believes in a greater tendency for internal human drive toward a goal and ultimately self-actualization. The different perspectives regarding the effectiveness of personalities on situational behavior, the distinct characteristics of personality and human nature, and the understanding of interpersonal relations all provide an abundance of thought and a more dimensional understanding of humanity within psychological thought process and its applications toward humankind. References Cherry, K. (2013). What is Existentialism? Retrieved from http://psychology. about. com/od/eindex/g/def_existential. htm Cherry, K. (2013). Humanistic Psychology: the â€Å"Third Force† in Psychology. Retrieved from http://psychology. about. com/od/historyofpsychology/a/hist_humanistic. htm Feist, J. and Feist, G. (2009) Theories of Personality (7th ed. ). Retrieved from the University of Phoenix eBook Collection online. New York: McGraw Hill Fritscher, L. (2011). Cognitive Theory. Retrieved from http://phobias. about. com/od/glossary/g/cognitivethedef. htm McLeod, S. (2007). Humanism. Simply Psychology. Retrieved from http://www. simplypsychology. org/humanistic. html How to cite Personality Analysis, Papers

Hemophilia 4 Essay Research Paper Hemophilia is free essay sample

Hemophilia 4 Essay, Research Paper Hemophilia is the best known of hemorrhagic upsets. When a individual has hemophilia, the blood does non coagulate decently and shed blooding persists. The people who have hemophilia are called haemophiliac or hemophiliacs. Shed blooding upsets, such as haemophilia, consequence from a break of the organic structure # 8217 ; s procedure of how blood coagulums are formed. The curdling procedure involve thrombocytes every bit good as plasma proteins called coagulating factors. Cloting Begins when thrombocytes stick to the site of an hurt to a blood vas. The proteins in the plasma that cause blood to coagulum is absent. Hemophilia is named from a Grecian word significance # 8221 ; fond of blood # 8221 ; . There are two types of haemophilia. Hemophilia A, which is the most common and is besides called authoritative haemophilia. Hemophilia B or Christmas disease, named after the first patient diagnosed and treated with hemophilia B. Hemophilia B lacks AHF ( antihemophilic factor ) . We will write a custom essay sample on Hemophilia 4 Essay Research Paper Hemophilia is or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page About 85 % of haemophiliac have classic or hemophilia A. Hemophilia A # 8217 ; s blood lacks the curdling factor eight. The remainder of the 85 % have Christmas, which lacks coagulating factor nine. An highly little figure of hemophiliacs deficiency yet another sort of coagulating factor. Both A and B signifiers have besides been called the royal disease. Hemophilia was inherited by dead persons of England # 8217 ; s Queen Victoria and introduced into the royal houses of Spain, Germany, and Russia. Hemophilia A and B are caused by cistrons that are sex linked and recessionary. A faulty cistron on the X chromosome, one of the two chromosomes, that determine a individual # 8217 ; s sex. The Y chromosomes which has no cistrons for curdling is the other chromosome. Males have one X chromosome and one Y chromosome. Girls have two X chromosomes. A male child who inherits the haemophilia defect on his X chromosome will most rebelliously will be a haemophiliac. A miss who inherits the faulty cistron on her X chromosome will be a bearer alternatively of haemophiliac, because the normal cistron on her Ten chromosome provides adequate for the most needful curdling factor. She might convey the faulty cistron to her kids. It is really rare for a miss to hold hemophilia. Most frequently hemophilia occurs in households who have a history of diseases which pass from gramps to grandson through the female parent who is a carry. It does start up in households which the disease hasn # 8217 ; t been old. This is non yet determine why. The major job for haemophiliac # 8217 ; s isn # 8217 ; t external cuts which can be treated with force per unit area and patchs, but it is uncontrolled internal hemorrhage. The sum of shed blooding assorted from individual to individual. The more terrible signifiers of hemophilia become seeable early in life. Newborns frequently show no marks of haemophilia unless the are circumcised. This causes extended hemorrhage. If the baby is non circumcised, marks of haemophilia Don # 8217 ; t show until a kid starts creeping or walking in which bruised markers appear were they have fallen or hit something. Hemophilia, in mild signifiers, may non demo up subsequently in life, until extended hemorrhage occurs merely after surgery, tooth extraction, or major hurt to any organic structure parts. A doctor can name haemophilias by utilizing specialised research lab trials to mensurate the curdling activity of factors eight and nine, or other factors for that affair. Further look intoing can on occasion turn up the status in other members of the household. The manner current medical intervention is progressing, people with haemophilia can hold a stopping point to mean life anticipation. Although the disease is life long, it can be controlled with medicine or the disposal of coagulating factors. This allows a comparatively normal life. Depending on how terrible the haemophilia is in a patient, it may be necessary to take excess attention to diminish hemorrhage as a consequence of physical activity. If haemophilia is in advanced phases, it may take to anemia as a consequence of inordinate and uninterrupted blood loss. Bleeding in the articulations can happen in this phase. It can do really painful swelling which over a long period of clip can take to lasting malformation and haemophilic arthritis. Sometimes the upset becomes more hard to command because antibodies develop to the coagulating factor that has been used in intervention. Treating shed blooding eruptions may affect the disposal of AHF entirely to rush up coagulating. Without intervention, reoccurring shed blooding into the articulations can go on. This causes chronic hurting and failing and can destruct articulations all together. Blood has besides been known to garner around the cervix, caput, or in the digestive system. This status is highly unsafe and highly serious. In order to forestall joint devastation all shed blooding episodes of a hemophilic should be treated right off by extract of a clotting factor replacing, a medical specialty called desmopressin. If you have haemophilias or believe you may transport the trait, antenatal testing and familial guidance can assist you wether or non your kid could inherit haemophilias. There is particular intervention for haemophiliac. Already the drug desmopressin was brought to your attending. This drug helps halt hemorrhage by exciting the release factor eight and doing blood contract. If you have hemophilia B or a more terrible instance of haemophilia A, shed blooding episodes may halt merely after the losing curdling factors are replaced by extract. These coagulating factors are derived from donated human blood and are supplied as purification dressed ores ( a curdling factor concentrate derived from donated blood ) . During the 1980 # 8217 ; s, 100s of haemophiliac became septic with the AIDS virus ( Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome ) after having interventions of coagulating factor contaminated with the virus. More than half of those infected have died of AIDS. Since 1985, the coagulating factor dressed ores were treated to forestall the transmittal of AIDS and this is greatly increased the safety of interventions with coagulating factor. With particular preparation through a doctor or regional haemophilia centre, a haemophiliac can larn to inculcate desmopressin, DDAVP, or some of these blood merchandises by himself every bit shortly as he shows some marks of shed blooding. Don # 8217 ; t utilize medicines that might decline shed blooding, such as acetylsalicylic acid. Thankss to modern blood bank techniques, measures of whole blood can be made readily available. Bed remainder and hospitalization may besides be recommended by a physician. Proper hygiene is really of import in a haemophiliac. Hemophiliacs should set every attempt into non allowing tooth decay happen. Parents of kids who have haemophilias should inform a tooth doctor so that every safeguard is taken to non do the kid bleed. Even the most common process such as a tooth extraction can be a major wellness jeopardy. Merely absolute necessary surgery should be performed on haemophiliac. If perennial internal hemorrhage has destroyed any of your articulations, a haemophiliac may take to hold the joint replaced surgically with an unreal articulation. Physical therapy can besides assist damaged articulations to work better. Swiming, walking, and biking can assist to construct up a haemophiliac musculuss, and this besides helps to protect your articulations. Do non under any fortunes engage in any contact athleticss.

Andrew Jackson Essays (1913 words) - Andrew Jackson,

Andrew Jackson The year was 1824. The election of this year was very unusual because of the number of candidates running for president. One of the candidates was Andrew Jackson, or ?Old Hickory? as they called him, a general that had won the Battle of New Orleans(which was a battle not needed) in the War of 1812. Jackson became a hero after this war, and it would bring him all the way to the presidency. Another one of the candidates was John Quincy Adams. The son of John Adams, the second president of the United States, Adams was a excellent debator from New England. He was the only candidate from the NorthEast. The two other candidates were William Crawford and Henry Clay. Crawford, the secretary of the Treasury during the presidential term of James Monroe, seemed desperate for votes. Martin Van Buren, a political influence from New York, supported Crawford. James Madison, the fourth president of the United States, actually made Crawford the candidate of the fading Virginia Dynasty which h! ad controlled the presidency for twenty-four years thanks mostly in part to a working agreement with New York. I think Van Buren supported Crawford because of the respect that he had for this fading dynasty. In May of 1824, a Cumberland planter, Alfred Bach, visiting Washington, sent John Overton a disturbing account of Jackson's prospects. ?I think his strength is {giving} out... Crd is undoubtedly the strongest man.? Daniel Webster surveyed the field with satisfaction. ?Jackson's interest is evidently on the wane.? When all the votes were in, Jackson received the popular vote, but he didn't have the majority needed in the electoral college to become president. The vote then was in the hands of the House of Representatives. Jackson had ninety-nine votes, Adams with eighty-four, Crawford with forty-one, and Clay with thirty-seven. Jackson only needed two more votes to become president. This statement was in The New York Statesman, a journal not unfriendly to Adams. It predicted that he would get three on the first ballot-Ohio, Kentucky, and Missouri. Clay's most distinguished supporter in the west, Thomas Hart Benton, who had private reasons to hate Jackson, promptly announced! that as Missouri preferred Jackson to Adams he was for Jackson. Benton didn't have the casting of Missouri's vote, however. That would be the duty of John Scott, the state's sole representative. When Scott declared that nothing could induce him to vote for Adams, hasty observers, of whom there were many, counted the twelfth state for Jackson. After this vote, only one more remained for Old Hickory. It seemed within easy reach. Kentucky indicated that it would support Jackson. The same was expected with Ohio. Henry Randolph Storrs, a clay man from Utica, exclaimed that the only way Adams could get New York was through the support of the Crawford people. ?And let them do it if they dare.? Clay knew that he couldn't win. It was between Jackson and Adams, and Jackson was on the verge of gaining the presidency. The only way Adams could win was to get votes from either Crawford of Clay. The Jacksonians didn't suspect this, however. Clay seemed to be leaning away from Jackson. Clay declined to follow his friend and lieutenant, Benton, into the Jackson camp. He was going to vote for Adams. In fact, Clay never intended to vote for Jackson. He had met with Adams when he first got to the capital. Jackson was outraged by this decision because it gave Adams the necessary majority in the House. Therefore John Quincy Adams was the sixth president of the United States. Clay was offered the Secretary of State job by Adams, which he graciously accepted. Jackson called this ?confidential interview? a ?corrupt bargain? and he vowed to do everything that he can to win the presidency in 1828. When the election of 1828 came around, the presidential candidates sunk to a new low. Adams and Clay took massive shots at Rachel Jackson, the wife of Old Hickory. When all the votes were tallied, Jackson came out on top again. Only this time, he had the necessary majority in the electoral college. Jackson had little to celebrate, however. His wife, Rachel, died a couple days before his inauguration. One

Free Essays on The Moon

The Moon is the only natural satellite of Earth: orbit: 384,400 km from Earth diameter: 3476 km mass: 7.35e22 kg Called Luna by the Romans, Selene and Artemis by the Greeks, and many other names in other mythologies. The Moon, of course, has been known since prehistoric times. It is the second brightest object in the sky after the Sun. As the Moon orbits around the Earth once per month, the angle between the Earth, the Moon and the Sun changes; we see this as the cycle of the Moon's phases. The time between successive new moons is 29.5 days (709 hours), slightly different from the Moon's orbital period (measured against the stars) since the Earth moves a significant distance in its orbit around the Sun in that time. Due to its size and composition, the Moon is sometimes classified as a terrestrial "planet" along with Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars. The Moon was first visited by the Soviet spacecraft Luna 2 in 1959. It is the only extraterrestrial body to have been visited by humans. The first landing was on July 20, 1969 (do you remember where you were?); the last was in December 1972. The Moon is also the only body from which samples have been returned to Earth. In the summer of 1994, the Moon was very extensively mapped by the little spacecraft Clementine and again in 1999 by Lunar Prospector. The gravitational forces between the Earth and the Moon cause some interesting effects. The most obvious is the tides. The Moon's gravitational attraction is stronger on the side of the Earth nearest to the Moon and weaker on the opposite side. Since the Earth, and particularly the oceans, is not perfectly rigid it is stretched out along the line toward the Moon. From our perspective on the Earth's surface we see two small bulges, one in the direction of the Moon and one directly opposite. The effect is much stronger in the ocean water than in the solid crust so the water bulges are higher. And because the Earth rotates much faster than the Moon... Free Essays on The Moon Free Essays on The Moon The Moon is the only natural satellite of Earth: orbit: 384,400 km from Earth diameter: 3476 km mass: 7.35e22 kg Called Luna by the Romans, Selene and Artemis by the Greeks, and many other names in other mythologies. The Moon, of course, has been known since prehistoric times. It is the second brightest object in the sky after the Sun. As the Moon orbits around the Earth once per month, the angle between the Earth, the Moon and the Sun changes; we see this as the cycle of the Moon's phases. The time between successive new moons is 29.5 days (709 hours), slightly different from the Moon's orbital period (measured against the stars) since the Earth moves a significant distance in its orbit around the Sun in that time. Due to its size and composition, the Moon is sometimes classified as a terrestrial "planet" along with Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars. The Moon was first visited by the Soviet spacecraft Luna 2 in 1959. It is the only extraterrestrial body to have been visited by humans. The first landing was on July 20, 1969 (do you remember where you were?); the last was in December 1972. The Moon is also the only body from which samples have been returned to Earth. In the summer of 1994, the Moon was very extensively mapped by the little spacecraft Clementine and again in 1999 by Lunar Prospector. The gravitational forces between the Earth and the Moon cause some interesting effects. The most obvious is the tides. The Moon's gravitational attraction is stronger on the side of the Earth nearest to the Moon and weaker on the opposite side. Since the Earth, and particularly the oceans, is not perfectly rigid it is stretched out along the line toward the Moon. From our perspective on the Earth's surface we see two small bulges, one in the direction of the Moon and one directly opposite. The effect is much stronger in the ocean water than in the solid crust so the water bulges are higher. And because the Earth rotates much faster than the Moon...

Goals of Punishment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Goals of Punishment - Essay Example Among these have been punishments aimed at shaming individuals into avoiding to commit crimes which they had committed before (Word, 2007). An example of these shaming punishments has been the requirement for first time DUI offenders to wear a yellow license plate when they are on suspension. This requirement has ensured that the rates of imprisonment for DUI offenders, which takes a huge chunk off state budgets, have been reduced. It has been found that this is the most cost effective way for the achievement of deterrence as well as the satisfaction for the demands of retribution.While this requirement had been legislated in the 1960s; it was rarely used until the state of Ohio declared it mandatory for all those found committing the DUI offense. One would say that this is a reasonable punishment because it achieves the goal of punishing the individual through being exposed to the public throughout his or her suspension period. The shame derived from this exposure ensures that the individual involved does not repeat the same offense. In fact, the fear of going through the same experience for a second time will act as deterrence from committing future offenses. This measure has seen a level of success in the last few years as seen through the reduction of the number of r estricted number plates from over 10000 in the first year of it implementation to 5270 a year later. In the New York area of Bronx, the most frequently used method of deterrence to crime is the stop and frisk method. This is the case where police officers stop anyone whom they suspect of having criminal intentions and searching them. Despite the good intentions that were intended when this practice was instituted, it has come to be extremely unpopular with the residents, especially those from minority groups. Statistics show that while African Americans only make up 23% of New Yorkers, they are the victims of 53% of the stop and